Advantages and Characteristics of Piston-Type Air Compressors

The piston-type air compressor is a reciprocating air compressor, which is suitable for applications requiring large capacity and high-pressure output, such as industrial production, mining operations, etc.

When the piston, which moves back and forth within the cylinder, moves to the right, the pressure in the left chamber of the cylinder is lower than the atmospheric pressure Pa. The suction valve opens, and external air is drawn into the cylinder. This process is called the compression process. When the pressure inside the cylinder is higher than the pressure in the output air pipeline p, the exhaust valve opens. The reciprocating motion of the piston is formed by the crank-slider mechanism driven by an electric motor. The rotational motion of the crank is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston.

This type of compressor always has a residual volume at the end of the exhaust process. During the next suction, the compressed air in the residual volume expands, reducing the amount of air drawn in, lowering the efficiency, and increasing the compression work. The structure is simple, has a long service life, and is easy to achieve large capacity and high-pressure output.

Introduction: 

When the piston, which moves back and forth in the cylinder, moves to the right, the pressure in the left chamber of the cylinder is lower than the atmospheric pressure pa. The intake valve opens, and external air is drawn into the cylinder. This process is called the compression process. When the pressure inside the cylinder is higher than the pressure in the output air pipe p, the exhaust valve opens. Compressed air is sent to the air intake pipe. This process is called the exhaust process. The reciprocating motion of the piston is formed by the crank-slider mechanism driven by an electric motor. The rotational motion of the crank is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston.

Classification characteristics: 

Piston-type air compressors are generally classified based on exhaust pressure, exhaust volume (cubic flow rate), structural type, and structural features.

1. According to the difference in exhaust pressure, they are divided into:

Low-pressure air compressor: Exhaust pressure ≤ 1.0 MPa

Medium-pressure air compressor: 1.0 MPa

High-pressure air compressor: Compressor with exhaust pressure > 10 MPa and ≤ 100 MPa

2. According to the difference in exhaust volume, they are divided into:

Small air compressor: 1 m³/min

Medium air compressor: 10 m³/min

Large air compressor: Exhaust volume > 100 m³/min

The exhaust volume of an air compressor refers to the free gas flow rate in the intake state.

Generally, it is stipulated that: when the shaft power is <15 kW and the exhaust pressure is ≤ 1.4 MPa, it is a micro air compressor.

3. According to the relative position of the center line of the cylinder to the ground, they are divided into:

Vertical air compressor - The center line of the cylinder is vertically arranged with the ground. z

Angled air compressor - The centerline of the cylinder forms a certain angle with the ground (V-shaped, W-shaped, L-shaped, etc.).

Horizontal air compressor - The centerline of the cylinder is parallel to the ground, and the cylinders are arranged on one side of the crankshaft.

For dynamic balance air compressors - The centerline of the cylinder is parallel to the ground, and the cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crankshaft. / X

4 According to structural characteristics, they are divided into:

Single-acting - The gas is compressed only on one side of the piston.

Double-acting - The gas is compressed on both sides of the piston. , F. H2 s; c0 z7 B

Water-cooled type - The cylinder has a cooling water jacket and is cooled by water.

Air-cooled type - The outer surface of the cylinder is cast with heat sinks and is cooled by air.

Fixed type - The air compressor unit is fixed on the foundation.

Mobile type - The air compressor unit is placed on a mobile device for easy relocation.

Oil-lubricated - The cylinder is filled with oil for lubrication, and the moving mechanism is lubricated by a circulating oil system.

Oil-free lubrication - The cylinder is not filled with oil for lubrication, and the piston and cylinder operate dry, but the transmission mechanism is lubricated by a circulating oil system. Full oil-free lubrication - The transmission mechanism of the cylinder is not lubricated with oil.